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opposite party is blackmailing
What legal remedy is available if the opposite party is blackmailing, threatening, or pressuring me?
Answer :
If the opposite party is blackmailing, threatening, pressuring, or forcing you to do something against your will, you should take the matter seriously and proceed legally instead of responding emotionally.
First, preserve all available evidence, such as WhatsApp messages, SMS, call recordings, voice notes, screenshots, social media messages, emails, payment demands, witnesses, CNIC/contact details of the accused person, and any proof showing the nature of threats or blackmail.
Under Pakistani law, if someone threatens you with injury to your person, reputation, property, or tries to force you to do or omit any act, it may fall under criminal intimidation under Sections 503 and 506 of the Pakistan Penal Code. If the person is demanding money, property, documents, signatures, compromise, or any benefit by putting you in fear, it may also amount to extortion/blackmail under the Pakistan Penal Code.
If the blackmail is through mobile phone, WhatsApp, Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, fake IDs, edited pictures, private data, videos, or online threats, then a complaint can also be filed before the National Cyber Crime Investigation Agency under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2016. NCCIA complaints can be submitted online, and the cybercrime helpline is 1799.
Practical legal steps may include:
- Do not delete any messages or evidence.
- Do not make any payment or sign any document under pressure.
- Take screenshots and keep backup copies.
- Send a legal notice, where appropriate.
- File a police complaint/application before the concerned police station.
- File a cybercrime complaint if the threats are online or through electronic means.
- Approach the court for protection or appropriate legal remedy if there is serious threat, harassment, or pressure.
Every case depends on its facts. Therefore, proper legal advice should be taken after reviewing the threats, evidence, relationship between the parties, and the exact demand made by the opposite party.
Pak-Lawyer Associates
www.paklawyer.com
WhatsApp: +92 321 4610092
husband verbally abuses his wife
If a husband verbally abuses his wife and not tends to provide maintenance and his family also use harsh words…. what to do.?
ANSWER:
If a husband is verbally abusing his wife, using insulting language, refusing to provide maintenance, and his family is also mentally harassing or humiliating her, the wife has legal remedies under Pakistani law.
First, the wife should try to preserve evidence, such as WhatsApp messages, call recordings, witnesses, medical record if there is any physical violence, and proof that the husband is not providing maintenance.
Under Pakistani family law, the husband is legally bound to maintain his wife. If he is not providing food, residence, daily expenses, medical expenses, or other basic needs, the wife may file a suit for maintenance before the Family Court. If there are children, she may also claim maintenance for the children. The Family Courts Act, 1964 specifically covers matters relating to maintenance, dower, dowry, personal belongings, custody and related family disputes.
If the abuse, threats, harassment, or pressure from the husband or his family is serious, the wife may also approach the police, Women Protection Centre, or the relevant court for protection. In Punjab, the Protection of Women against Violence Act, 2016 covers domestic, psychological, verbal, emotional and economic abuse, including abuse by husband or relatives. The wife may seek protection, residence, monetary relief, and other appropriate legal remedies.
If the wife does not want to continue the marriage due to cruelty, non-maintenance, abusive conduct, or unbearable behaviour, she may file a suit for Khula/dissolution of marriage before the Family Court. Along with Khula, she may also claim maintenance, dower, dowry articles, custody of children, and other lawful rights according to the facts of the case.
Therefore, the proper legal steps may be:
- Preserve all available evidence of abuse and non-maintenance.
- Send a legal notice, if appropriate.
- File a maintenance case before the Family Court.
- File a protection/harassment complaint if there are threats or violence.
- File a Khula/dissolution of marriage case if she cannot continue the marriage.
- Claim children’s maintenance and custody/visitation orders, if children are involved.
For proper advice, the wife should share the Nikah Nama, CNIC copies, details of children, husband’s income/source of income, proof of abuse, and details of maintenance not being paid.
You may contact Pak-Lawyer Associates for legal consultation and case filing.
Pak-Lawyer Associates
www.paklawyer.com
WhatsApp: +92 321 4610092
steps required for divorce
steps required for divorce: My name is Abdullah Khan, i live in Saudi Arabia, from Peshawar originally. I want to document divorce request, i need to know the steps required and documents needed for this.
ANSWER:
The process of divorce involves several essential steps that must be meticulously followed to ensure legal compliance. Firstly, a petition for divorce must be filed with the appropriate court, outlining the grounds for dissolution. Following this, both parties are required to engage in a mediation process, if applicable, to resolve any disputes amicably. Lastly, the court will review the case and issue a decree absolute, finalising the divorce.
Since you are presently residing in Saudi Arabia and originally belong to Peshawar, you can initiate the divorce/Talaq documentation and legal process in Pakistan without personally travelling to Pakistan, through a properly attested Special Power of Attorney.
Under Pakistani law, a husband may pronounce Talaq, but for its legal effect and registration, the Talaq notice must be submitted before the concerned Chairman Arbitration Council/Union Council. The statutory period of 90 days starts from the date when the notice is received by the concerned Union Council. After completion of the legal period and reconciliation proceedings, the Union Council issues the Divorce Effectiveness/Divorce Certificate.
The general steps are as follows:
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Preparation of Divorce Deed/Talaq Notice
We will prepare your Divorce Deed/Talaq Notice and Special Power of Attorney according to Pakistani law. - Attestation in Saudi Arabia
You will sign the Divorce Deed and Special Power of Attorney in Saudi Arabia and get them attested from the Embassy/Consulate of Pakistan in Saudi Arabia. - Dispatch of Original Documents
After attestation, you will send the original attested documents to our office in Pakistan through DHL/courier. - Filing Before Concerned Union Council
After receiving the original documents, we will submit the Talaq notice before the concerned Union Council/Arbitration Council, most probably at the place where the wife is residing or where the marriage was registered, depending on the facts of your case. - Reconciliation Proceedings
The Union Council usually issues notices for reconciliation proceedings. Since you are abroad, your appointed attorney/lawyer may appear on your behalf. - Issuance of Divorce Certificate
After completion of 90 days from submission/receipt of the Talaq notice by the Union Council, and if no reconciliation takes place, the Union Council issues the Divorce Certificate.
Documents required from your side:
- Copy of your CNIC/NICOP or Pakistani Passport
- Copy of your Saudi Iqama
- Copy of Nikah Nama/Marriage Certificate
- Copy of wife’s CNIC, if available
- Wife’s present address in Pakistan
- Your present address in Saudi Arabia
- Two passport-size photographs
- Details regarding Haq Mehr, whether paid or unpaid
- Details of children, if any
- Copy of any previous divorce notice/deed, if already prepared
- CNIC copy of the person/lawyer to whom Power of Attorney will be given
Please also confirm:
- Whether your wife is presently living in Peshawar or any other city?
- Whether the Nikah was registered in Peshawar?
- Whether you have any children from this marriage?
- Whether Haq Mehr has been paid or is still pending?
Once you share the above documents and details, we can prepare the required Divorce Deed and Special Power of Attorney for attestation from the Pakistan Embassy/Consulate in Saudi Arabia.
For fast communication, you may also contact us on WhatsApp at +92 321 4610092.
How to adopt a child in Pakistan
How to adopt a child in Pakistan?
Answer:
Thank you for contacting Pak-Lawyer Associates regarding the procedure for adopting a child in Pakistan, particularly through the Child Protection & Welfare Bureau, Lahore.
First of all, please note that Pak-Lawyer Associates is not an adoption agency, orphanage, child placement centre, or organisation that provides children for adoption. We do not hand over children and we do not arrange private adoption. Our legal role is limited to assisting clients in adopting the lawful procedure, including preparation of application, documentation, affidavits, filing before the competent forum, and legal representation before the Child Protection Court / Child Protection & Welfare Bureau, Lahore.
In Pakistan, adoption is generally processed through legal custody / guardianship procedures under enabling laws such as the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890 and provincial child protection laws. PakLawyer also explains that a child may be adopted legally through the Child Protection and Welfare Bureau, and that destitute or neglected children can only be handed over through the proper official procedure before the competent Presiding Officer / Court. (Family Lawyer & Law Firm in Lahore)
Brief Legal Procedure:
- Preparation of application:
The applicant has to prepare an application for custody / adoption and submit it before the Presiding Officer, Child Protection Court, Lahore, along with the required documents. PakLawyer’s procedure also states that the application should mention the applicant’s preference, such as age or gender of the child, along with the complete profile of the proposed adoptive parents. (Family Lawyer & Law Firm in Lahore) - Submission of documents:
Commonly required documents include CNIC / NICOP / POC, passport where applicable, marriage certificate / Nikah Nama, photographs, Family Registration Certificate, salary or income proof, bank statement, property documents, educational documents, medical report where required, police character certificate, and affidavits regarding financial capacity, character, and proper upbringing of the child. PakLawyer’s published document list for the Child Protection Court, Lahore, also includes attested documents and affidavits. - Socio-economic report:
After submission, a Child Protection Officer may prepare a socio-economic report regarding the applicant family to assess their financial, social, moral, and family circumstances. - Scrutiny and interview:
The application is scrutinized by the Bureau’s committee, and the applicant family may be called for an interview. The purpose is to determine whether the applicants are suitable and whether handing over custody would be in the best interest and welfare of the child. - Suitability report and court order:
After scrutiny, the suitability report is placed before the Child Protection Court. If the Court is satisfied, it may pass an order entrusting custody of the child to the applicant family. (Family Lawyer & Law Firm in Lahore) - Post-custody compliance:
After custody is granted, the applicants may be required to comply with further court directions, including financial security or savings arrangement in the child’s name, where ordered by the Court. PakLawyer’s guidance mentions investment / saving certificate requirements after custody handover, subject to court permission.
It is also important to understand that a child cannot lawfully be obtained from unauthorized persons or unapproved centres. PakLawyer clearly cautions that only the Child Protection Bureau in each province is allowed to hand over custody of children to adoptive parents after the legal procedure.
Therefore, the proper course is to apply through the Child Protection & Welfare Bureau / Child Protection Court, Lahore, and complete the legal custody / guardianship process. Pak-Lawyer Associates may assist only as legal counsel for preparing and filing the case, completing documents, and representing the client before the competent legal forum.
Please note that the applicant party must understand that the adoption / custody process through the Child Protection & Welfare Bureau, Lahore may take approximately 6 to 10 months due to the heavy rush of applicants, official scrutiny, interviews, socio-economic reports, and completion of court formalities. Therefore, patience and full cooperation with the legal and official process are required.
Contract act 1872 Consideration section 2(d) section 23,25
Contract act 1872 Consideration;
I have to make an assignment for the subject Contract act 1872 topic is Consideration for that i have to find most relevant judgement for my assignment relevant with key topic above stated i have tried a lot on Pakistan law site but there are not most relevant judgement regarding my topic so please help me find out the judgement or you can mail me citation of the most relevant judgement to my topic. Thankyou
Dear Student,
Thank you for contacting Pak-Lawyer Associates.
For your assignment on “Consideration” under the Contract Act, 1872, you may rely on the following relevant case-law citations:
1. PLD 1967 Dacca 152
This is a very relevant judgment on the concept of consideration. The Court held that consideration includes some right, interest, profit or benefit accruing to one party, or some forbearance, detriment or responsibility undertaken by the other party. In that case, deposit of money for safe custody was held not to be without consideration, because forbearance on one side and acceptance of responsibility on the other was sufficient consideration to constitute a contract. PakLawyer’s Contract Act material specifically lists this case under “Consideration.” (Family Lawyer & Law Firm in Lahore)
2. PLD 1971 Karachi 305
This case is also useful because it states that only a promise supported by consideration becomes a contract under our law. In that matter, resignation in response to an alleged employer’s scheme was not treated as valid consideration because the resignation was not accepted and the employee had not acted to his legal detriment. (Family Lawyer & Law Firm in Lahore)
3. PLD 1947 Privy Council 270
This case is relevant where compromise or settlement is discussed. It was held that a compromise must be based on some consideration passing from the party, and the Court has to see whether the party had a bona fide claim forming the basis of the compromise.
For the statutory portion, you should refer to Section 2(d) of the Contract Act, 1872, which defines consideration as an act, abstinence, or promise done at the desire of the promisor by the promisee or any other person.
Latest Judgment 2026/ Recent Authority on Consideration:
Contract act 1872: Faizullah v. Senior Member Board of Revenue Balochistan and others, 2025 CLC 87 = 2025 CLS 10, Balochistan High Court, R.F.A. No. 34 of 2021, decided on 05.09.2024. In this case, the Court held that a deed of transfer and assignment was without consideration because it did not mention any consideration paid, promised, part-paid, or part-promised. The Court further held that, under Section 25 of the Contract Act, 1872, an agreement made without consideration is void unless it falls within the statutory exceptions; therefore, the deed was not enforceable through specific performance.
Contract act 1872: For a latest reported judgment on the topic of consideration, you may also rely upon 2025 CLC 87, Faizullah v. Senior Member Board of Revenue Balochistan and others, wherein the Baluchistan High Court held that an agreement or deed without consideration is void under Section 25 of the Contract Act, 1872, unless it falls within the exceptions provided by law. This judgment is highly relevant for your assignment because it explains the practical application of the rule that “no consideration, no enforceable contract.”
Suggested citation for your assignment:
The most relevant case for the topic “Consideration” is PLD 1967 Dacca 152, because it directly explains what amounts to consideration and how benefit, forbearance, or acceptance of responsibility can make a promise enforceable.
Can a husband remarry in Pakistan if wife refuses conjugal rights
Can a husband remarry in Pakistan if wife refuses conjugal rights.?
if a wife has filed a suit of maintenance and has left her husband house and she is not performing her conjugal rights …does it gave the man to constitute another marriage without asking or taking permission as the woman herself is not performing her rights either ?
Answer:
No. Mere allegation that the wife has left the matrimonial home, filed a maintenance suit, or is not performing conjugal rights does not automatically authorize the husband to contract another marriage without legal permission.
Under Pakistani law, the husband must follow Section 6 of the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961. The legal requirement is prior written permission of the Arbitration Council before contracting another marriage during the subsistence of the first marriage. The law also requires the husband to submit an application to the Chairman / Union Council stating reasons for the proposed second marriage and whether the consent of the existing wife has been obtained. The Chairman then asks both sides to nominate representatives, and the Arbitration Council may grant permission if it is satisfied that the proposed marriage is necessary and just.
To show that the wife is disobedient or without lawful cause living separately, the husband should not rely only on oral allegations. He should preferably file a suit for restitution of conjugal rights before the Family Court and obtain a decree in his favour. Such a decree may become strong evidence that the husband was willing to keep the wife and perform his marital obligations, but the wife refused to join him without lawful justification. PakLawyer also states in its answer on a “disobedient wife” that the husband should show payment of maintenance and his efforts to bring the wife back, and that a suit for restitution of conjugal rights is a strong ground. (Family Lawyer & Law Firm in Lahore)
After obtaining a decree of restitution of conjugal rights, the husband may place that decree before the Arbitration Council as a ground for seeking permission for second marriage. However, even then, the decree itself does not automatically permit second marriage. The husband must still file the proper application before the Union Council / Arbitration Council and obtain written permission.
It is also important to clarify a common misconception: the legal permission required for second marriage is permission of the Arbitration Council, not merely private permission of the wife. The wife’s consent, objection, or opinion is considered during the Arbitration Council proceedings, but PakLawyer’s Q&A explains that the consent of the first wife is “not strictly mandatory” and that the Council may grant permission if the reasons are valid and just. (Family Lawyer & Law Firm in Lahore)
Conclusion:
The wife’s alleged refusal to perform conjugal rights may be a defence in the maintenance case and may support a suit for restitution of conjugal rights. The proper legal course for the husband is to obtain a decree of restitution of conjugal rights from the Family Court, then apply before the Arbitration Council for permission for second marriage. He should not contract a second marriage secretly or without written permission of the Arbitration Council, because such conduct may expose him to legal consequences.
